Electronic mail (email): architecture, transport, access and formats
Within this page
email subjects:
email RFCs (71)
RFC 9873: Additional Email Address Extension for the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
Proposed Standard- D. Belyavsky
- J. Gould
- S. Hollenbeck
- October 2025
- IETF publication
- Operations and Management Area
Abstract
The Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) does not inherently support internationalized email addresses because the specifications for these addresses did not exist when EPP was developed. This document describes a command-response extension that adds support for associating an additional email address with an EPP contact object. That additional email address can be either an internationalized email address or an ASCII-only address.
Abstract
The Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) does not inherently support internationalized email addresses because the specifications for these addresses did not exist when EPP was developed. This document describes a command-response extension that adds support for associating an additional email address with an EPP contact object. That additional email address can be either an internationalized email address or an ASCII-only address.
RFC 9495: Certification Authority Authorization (CAA) Processing for Email Addresses
Proposed Standard- C. Bonnell
- October 2023
- IETF publication
- Security Area
Abstract
The Certification Authority Authorization (CAA) DNS resource record (RR) provides a mechanism for domains to express the allowed set of Certification Authorities that are authorized to issue certificates for the domain. RFC 8659 contains the core CAA specification, where Property Tags that restrict the issuance of certificates that certify domain names are defined. This specification defines a Property Tag that grants authorization to Certification Authorities to issue certificates that contain the id-kp-emailProtection key purpose in the extendedKeyUsage extension and at least one rfc822Name value or otherName value of type id-on-SmtpUTF8Mailbox that includes the domain name in the subjectAltName extension.
Abstract
The Certification Authority Authorization (CAA) DNS resource record (RR) provides a mechanism for domains to express the allowed set of Certification Authorities that are authorized to issue certificates for the domain. RFC 8659 contains the core CAA specification, where Property Tags that restrict the issuance of certificates that certify domain names are defined. This specification defines a Property Tag that grants authorization to Certification Authorities to issue certificates that contain the id-kp-emailProtection key purpose in the extendedKeyUsage extension and at least one rfc822Name value or otherName value of type id-on-SmtpUTF8Mailbox that includes the domain name in the subjectAltName extension.
RFC 8494: Multicast Email (MULE) over Allied Communications Publication (ACP) 142
Informational- D. Wilson
- A. Melnikov
- November 2018
- Independent Stream publication
Abstract
Allied Communications Publication (ACP) 142 defines P_MUL, which is a protocol for reliable multicast suitable for bandwidth-constrained and delayed acknowledgement (Emissions Control or "EMCON") environments running over UDP. This document defines MULE (Multicast Email), an application protocol for transferring Internet Mail messages (as described in RFC 5322) over P_MUL (as defined in ACP 142). MULE enables transfer between Message Transfer Agents (MTAs). It doesn't provide a service similar to SMTP Submission (as described in RFC 6409).
This document explains how MULE can be used in conjunction with SMTP (RFC 5321), including some common SMTP extensions, to provide an alternate MTA-to-MTA transfer mechanism.
This is not an IETF specification; it describes an existing implementation. It is provided in order to facilitate interoperable implementations and third-party diagnostics.
Abstract
Allied Communications Publication (ACP) 142 defines P_MUL, which is a protocol for reliable multicast suitable for bandwidth-constrained and delayed acknowledgement (Emissions Control or "EMCON") environments running over UDP. This document defines MULE (Multicast Email), an application protocol for transferring Internet Mail messages (as described in RFC 5322) over P_MUL (as defined in ACP 142). MULE enables transfer between Message Transfer Agents (MTAs). It doesn't provide a service similar to SMTP Submission (as described in RFC 6409).
This document explains how MULE can be used in conjunction with SMTP (RFC 5321), including some common SMTP extensions, to provide an alternate MTA-to-MTA transfer mechanism.
This is not an IETF specification; it describes an existing implementation. It is provided in order to facilitate interoperable implementations and third-party diagnostics.
RFC 7929: DNS-Based Authentication of Named Entities (DANE) Bindings for OpenPGP
Experimental- P. Wouters
- August 2016
- IETF publication
- Security Area
Abstract
OpenPGP is a message format for email (and file) encryption that lacks a standardized lookup mechanism to securely obtain OpenPGP public keys. DNS-Based Authentication of Named Entities (DANE) is a method for publishing public keys in DNS. This document specifies a DANE method for publishing and locating OpenPGP public keys in DNS for a specific email address using a new OPENPGPKEY DNS resource record. Security is provided via Secure DNS, however the OPENPGPKEY record is not a replacement for verification of authenticity via the "web of trust" or manual verification. The OPENPGPKEY record can be used to encrypt an email that would otherwise have to be sent unencrypted.
Abstract
OpenPGP is a message format for email (and file) encryption that lacks a standardized lookup mechanism to securely obtain OpenPGP public keys. DNS-Based Authentication of Named Entities (DANE) is a method for publishing public keys in DNS. This document specifies a DANE method for publishing and locating OpenPGP public keys in DNS for a specific email address using a new OPENPGPKEY DNS resource record. Security is provided via Secure DNS, however the OPENPGPKEY record is not a replacement for verification of authenticity via the "web of trust" or manual verification. The OPENPGPKEY record can be used to encrypt an email that would otherwise have to be sent unencrypted.
RFC 7842: Requirements for Improvements to the IETF Email List Archiving, Web-Based Browsing, and Search Tool
Informational- R. Sparks
- April 2016
- IETF publication
Abstract
The web-based IETF email archive search tool based on the requirements captured in RFC 6778 was deployed in January 2014. This memo captures the requirements for a set of improvements that have been identified during its initial years of community use.
Abstract
The web-based IETF email archive search tool based on the requirements captured in RFC 6778 was deployed in January 2014. This memo captures the requirements for a set of improvements that have been identified during its initial years of community use.
RFC 7505: A "Null MX" No Service Resource Record for Domains That Accept No Mail
Proposed Standard- J. Levine
- M. Delany
- June 2015
- IETF publication
- Applications and Real-Time Area
Abstract
Internet mail determines the address of a receiving server through the DNS, first by looking for an MX record and then by looking for an A/AAAA record as a fallback. Unfortunately, this means that the A/AAAA record is taken to be mail server address even when that address does not accept mail. The No Service MX RR, informally called "null MX", formalizes the existing mechanism by which a domain announces that it accepts no mail, without having to provide a mail server; this permits significant operational efficiencies.
Abstract
Internet mail determines the address of a receiving server through the DNS, first by looking for an MX record and then by looking for an A/AAAA record as a fallback. Unfortunately, this means that the A/AAAA record is taken to be mail server address even when that address does not accept mail. The No Service MX RR, informally called "null MX", formalizes the existing mechanism by which a domain announces that it accepts no mail, without having to provide a mail server; this permits significant operational efficiencies.
RFC 7444: Security Labels in Internet Email
Informational- K. Zeilenga
- A. Melnikov
- February 2015
- Independent Stream publication
Abstract
This document describes a header field, SIO-Label, for use in Internet email to convey the sensitivity of the message. This header field may carry a textual representation (a display marking) and/or a structural representation (a security label) of the sensitivity of the message. This document also describes a header field, SIO-Label-History, for recording changes in the message's label.
Abstract
This document describes a header field, SIO-Label, for use in Internet email to convey the sensitivity of the message. This header field may carry a textual representation (a display marking) and/or a structural representation (a security label) of the sensitivity of the message. This document also describes a header field, SIO-Label-History, for recording changes in the message's label.
RFC 7372: Email Authentication Status Codes
Proposed Standard- M. Kucherawy
- September 2014
- IETF publication
- Applications and Real-Time Area
Abstract
This document registers code points to allow status codes to be returned to an email client to indicate that a message is being rejected or deferred specifically because of email authentication failures.
This document updates RFC 7208, since some of the code points registered replace the ones recommended for use in that document.
Abstract
This document registers code points to allow status codes to be returned to an email client to indicate that a message is being rejected or deferred specifically because of email authentication failures.
This document updates RFC 7208, since some of the code points registered replace the ones recommended for use in that document.
RFC 6778: Requirements for Archiving IETF Email Lists and for Providing Web-Based Browsing and Searching
Informational- R. Sparks
- October 2012
- IETF publication
Abstract
The IETF makes heavy use of email lists to conduct its work. Participants frequently need to search and browse the archives of these lists and have asked for improved search capabilities. The current archive mechanism could also be made more efficient. This memo captures the requirements for improved email list archiving and searching systems. This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for informational purposes.
Abstract
The IETF makes heavy use of email lists to conduct its work. Participants frequently need to search and browse the archives of these lists and have asked for improved search capabilities. The current archive mechanism could also be made more efficient. This memo captures the requirements for improved email list archiving and searching systems. This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for informational purposes.
RFC 6729: Indicating Email Handling States in Trace Fields
Proposed Standard- D. Crocker
- M. Kucherawy
- September 2012
- IETF publication
- Applications and Real-Time Area
Abstract
This document registers a trace field clause for use in indicating transitions between handling queues or processing states, including enacting inter- and intra-host message transitions. This might include message quarantining, mailing list moderation, timed delivery, queuing for further analysis, content conversion, or other similar causes, as well as optionally identifying normal handling queues. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This document registers a trace field clause for use in indicating transitions between handling queues or processing states, including enacting inter- and intra-host message transitions. This might include message quarantining, mailing list moderation, timed delivery, queuing for further analysis, content conversion, or other similar causes, as well as optionally identifying normal handling queues. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 6047: iCalendar Message-Based Interoperability Protocol (iMIP)
Proposed Standard- A. Melnikov
- December 2010
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This document, "iCalendar Message-Based Interoperability Protocol (iMIP)", specifies a binding from the iCalendar Transport-independent Interoperability Protocol (iTIP) to Internet email-based transports. Calendaring entries defined by the iCalendar Object Model (iCalendar) are wrapped using constructs from RFC 5322 and MIME (RFC 2045, RFC 2046, RFC 2047, and RFC 2049), and then transported over SMTP. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This document, "iCalendar Message-Based Interoperability Protocol (iMIP)", specifies a binding from the iCalendar Transport-independent Interoperability Protocol (iTIP) to Internet email-based transports. Calendaring entries defined by the iCalendar Object Model (iCalendar) are wrapped using constructs from RFC 5322 and MIME (RFC 2045, RFC 2046, RFC 2047, and RFC 2049), and then transported over SMTP. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 6068: The 'mailto' URI Scheme
Proposed Standard- M. Duerst
- L. Masinter
- J. Zawinski
- October 2010
- IETF publication
Abstract
This document defines the format of Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) to identify resources that are reached using Internet mail. It adds better internationalization and compatibility with Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs; RFC 3987) to the previous syntax of 'mailto' URIs (RFC 2368). [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This document defines the format of Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) to identify resources that are reached using Internet mail. It adds better internationalization and compatibility with Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs; RFC 3987) to the previous syntax of 'mailto' URIs (RFC 2368). [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 5755: An Internet Attribute Certificate Profile for Authorization
Proposed Standard- S. Farrell
- R. Housley
- S. Turner
- January 2010
- IETF publication
- Security Area
Abstract
This specification defines a profile for the use of X.509 Attribute Certificates in Internet Protocols. Attribute certificates may be used in a wide range of applications and environments covering a broad spectrum of interoperability goals and a broader spectrum of operational and assurance requirements. The goal of this document is to establish a common baseline for generic applications requiring broad interoperability as well as limited special purpose requirements. The profile places emphasis on attribute certificate support for Internet electronic mail, IPsec, and WWW security applications. This document obsoletes RFC 3281. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This specification defines a profile for the use of X.509 Attribute Certificates in Internet Protocols. Attribute certificates may be used in a wide range of applications and environments covering a broad spectrum of interoperability goals and a broader spectrum of operational and assurance requirements. The goal of this document is to establish a common baseline for generic applications requiring broad interoperability as well as limited special purpose requirements. The profile places emphasis on attribute certificate support for Internet electronic mail, IPsec, and WWW security applications. This document obsoletes RFC 3281. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 4407: Purported Responsible Address in E-Mail Messages
Historic- J. Lyon
- April 2006
- IETF publication
Abstract
This document defines an algorithm by which, given an e-mail message, one can extract the identity of the party that appears to have most proximately caused that message to be delivered. This identity is called the Purported Responsible Address (PRA).This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
Abstract
This document defines an algorithm by which, given an e-mail message, one can extract the identity of the party that appears to have most proximately caused that message to be delivered. This identity is called the Purported Responsible Address (PRA).This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC 4355: IANA Registration for Enumservices email, fax, mms, ems, and sms
Proposed Standard- R. Brandner
- L. Conroy
- R. Stastny
- January 2006
- IETF publication
- Real-time Applications and Infrastructure Area
Abstract
This document registers the Enumservices "email", "fax", "sms", "ems", and "mms" using the URI schemes 'tel:' and 'mailto:' as per the IANA registration process defined in the ENUM specification RFC 3761. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This document registers the Enumservices "email", "fax", "sms", "ems", and "mms" using the URI schemes 'tel:' and 'mailto:' as per the IANA registration process defined in the ENUM specification RFC 3761. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 4234: Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF
Draft Standard- D. Crocker
- P. Overell
- October 2005
- IETF publication
Abstract
Internet technical specifications often need to define a formal syntax. Over the years, a modified version of Backus-Naur Form (BNF), called Augmented BNF (ABNF), has been popular among many Internet specifications. The current specification documents ABNF. It balances compactness and simplicity, with reasonable representational power. The differences between standard BNF and ABNF involve naming rules, repetition, alternatives, order-independence, and value ranges. This specification also supplies additional rule definitions and encoding for a core lexical analyzer of the type common to several Internet specifications. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Obsoleted by RFC 5234
Abstract
Internet technical specifications often need to define a formal syntax. Over the years, a modified version of Backus-Naur Form (BNF), called Augmented BNF (ABNF), has been popular among many Internet specifications. The current specification documents ABNF. It balances compactness and simplicity, with reasonable representational power. The differences between standard BNF and ABNF involve naming rules, repetition, alternatives, order-independence, and value ranges. This specification also supplies additional rule definitions and encoding for a core lexical analyzer of the type common to several Internet specifications. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 4146: Simple New Mail Notification
Informational- R. Gellens
- August 2005
- IETF publication
Abstract
This memo documents a long-standing technique, supported by a large number of mail servers, which allows users to be notified of new mail. In addition to server support, there are a number of clients that support this, ranging from full email clients to specialized clients whose only purpose is to receive new mail notifications and alert a mail client.
In brief, the server sends the string "nm_notifyuser" CRLF to the finger port on the IP address (either configured or last used) of the user who has received new mail. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
Abstract
This memo documents a long-standing technique, supported by a large number of mail servers, which allows users to be notified of new mail. In addition to server support, there are a number of clients that support this, ranging from full email clients to specialized clients whose only purpose is to receive new mail notifications and alert a mail client.
In brief, the server sends the string "nm_notifyuser" CRLF to the finger port on the IP address (either configured or last used) of the user who has received new mail. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC 4096: Policy-Mandated Labels Such as "Adv:" in Email Subject Headers Considered Ineffective At Best
Informational- C. Malamud
- May 2005
- IETF publication
Abstract
This memo discusses policies that require certain labels to be inserted in the "Subject:" header of a mail message. Such policies are difficult to specify accurately while remaining compliant with key RFCs and are likely to be ineffective at best. This memo discusses an alternate, \%standards-compliant approach that is significantly simpler to specify and is somewhat less likely to be ineffective. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
Abstract
This memo discusses policies that require certain labels to be inserted in the "Subject:" header of a mail message. Such policies are difficult to specify accurately while remaining compliant with key RFCs and are likely to be ineffective at best. This memo discusses an alternate, \%standards-compliant approach that is significantly simpler to specify and is somewhat less likely to be ineffective. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC 3965: A Simple Mode of Facsimile Using Internet Mail
Draft Standard- K. Toyoda
- H. Ohno
- J. Murai
- D. Wing
- December 2004
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This specification provides for "simple mode" carriage of facsimile data using Internet mail. Extensions to this document will follow. The current specification employs standard protocols and file formats such as TCP/IP, Internet mail protocols, Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME), and Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) for Facsimile. It can send images not only to other Internet-aware facsimile devices but also to Internet-native systems, such as PCs with common email readers which can handle MIME mail and TIFF for Facsimile data. The specification facilitates communication among existing facsimile devices, Internet mail agents, and the gateways which connect them.
This document is a revision of RFC 2305. There have been no technical changes. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This specification provides for "simple mode" carriage of facsimile data using Internet mail. Extensions to this document will follow. The current specification employs standard protocols and file formats such as TCP/IP, Internet mail protocols, Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME), and Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) for Facsimile. It can send images not only to other Internet-aware facsimile devices but also to Internet-native systems, such as PCs with common email readers which can handle MIME mail and TIFF for Facsimile data. The specification facilitates communication among existing facsimile devices, Internet mail agents, and the gateways which connect them.
This document is a revision of RFC 2305. There have been no technical changes. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 3834: Recommendations for Automatic Responses to Electronic Mail
Proposed Standard- K. Moore
- August 2004
- IETF publication
Abstract
This memo makes recommendations for software that automatically responds to incoming electronic mail messages, including "out of the office" or "vacation" response generators, mail filtering software, email-based information services, and other automatic responders. The purpose of these recommendations is to discourage undesirable behavior which is caused or aggravated by such software, to encourage uniform behavior (where appropriate) among automatic mail responders, and to clear up some sources of confusion among implementors of automatic email responders. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This memo makes recommendations for software that automatically responds to incoming electronic mail messages, including "out of the office" or "vacation" response generators, mail filtering software, email-based information services, and other automatic responders. The purpose of these recommendations is to discourage undesirable behavior which is caused or aggravated by such software, to encourage uniform behavior (where appropriate) among automatic mail responders, and to clear up some sources of confusion among implementors of automatic email responders. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 3601: Text String Notation for Dial Sequences and Global Switched Telephone Network (GSTN) / E.164 Addresses
Proposed Standard- C. Allocchio
- September 2003
- IETF publication
Abstract
This memo describes the full set of notations needed to represent a text string in a Dial Sequence. A Dial Sequence is normally composed of Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) elements, plus separators and additional "actions" (such as "wait for dialtone", "pause for N secs", etc.) which could be needed to successfully establish the connection with the target service: this includes the cases where subaddresses or DTMF menu navigation apply.
Abstract
This memo describes the full set of notations needed to represent a text string in a Dial Sequence. A Dial Sequence is normally composed of Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) elements, plus separators and additional "actions" (such as "wait for dialtone", "pause for N secs", etc.) which could be needed to successfully establish the connection with the target service: this includes the cases where subaddresses or DTMF menu navigation apply.
RFC 3249: Implementers Guide for Facsimile Using Internet Mail
Informational- V. Cancio
- M. Moldovan
- H. Tamura
- D. Wing
- September 2002
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This document is intended for the implementers of software that use email to send to facsimiles using RFC 2305 and 2532. This is an informational document and its guidelines do not supersede the referenced documents. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
Abstract
This document is intended for the implementers of software that use email to send to facsimiles using RFC 2305 and 2532. This is an informational document and its guidelines do not supersede the referenced documents. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC 3297: Content Negotiation for Messaging Services based on Email
Proposed Standard- G. Klyne
- R. Iwazaki
- D. Crocker
- July 2002
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This memo describes a content negotiation mechanism for facsimile, voice and other messaging services that use Internet email. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This memo describes a content negotiation mechanism for facsimile, voice and other messaging services that use Internet email. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 3281: An Internet Attribute Certificate Profile for Authorization
Proposed Standard- S. Farrell
- R. Housley
- May 2002
- IETF publication
- Security Area
Abstract
This specification defines a profile for the use of X.509 Attribute Certificates in Internet Protocols. Attribute certificates may be used in a wide range of applications and environments covering a broad spectrum of interoperability goals and a broader spectrum of operational and assurance requirements. The goal of this document is to establish a common baseline for generic applications requiring broad interoperability as well as limited special purpose requirements. The profile places emphasis on attribute certificate support for Internet electronic mail, IPSec, and WWW security applications. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Obsoleted by RFC 5755
Abstract
This specification defines a profile for the use of X.509 Attribute Certificates in Internet Protocols. Attribute certificates may be used in a wide range of applications and environments covering a broad spectrum of interoperability goals and a broader spectrum of operational and assurance requirements. The goal of this document is to establish a common baseline for generic applications requiring broad interoperability as well as limited special purpose requirements. The profile places emphasis on attribute certificate support for Internet electronic mail, IPSec, and WWW security applications. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 3191: Minimal GSTN address format in Internet Mail
Draft Standard- C. Allocchio
- October 2001
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This memo describes a simple method of encoding Global Switched Telephone Network (GSTN) addresses (commonly called "telephone numbers") in the local-part of Internet email addresses, along with an extension mechanism to allow encoding of additional standard attributes needed for email gateways to GSTN-based services. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This memo describes a simple method of encoding Global Switched Telephone Network (GSTN) addresses (commonly called "telephone numbers") in the local-part of Internet email addresses, along with an extension mechanism to allow encoding of additional standard attributes needed for email gateways to GSTN-based services. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 3098: FYI 38: How to Advertise Responsibly Using E-Mail and Newsgroups or - how NOT to $$$$$ MAKE ENEMIES FAST! $$$$$
Informational- T. Gavin
- D. Eastlake 3rd
- S. Hambridge
- April 2001
- IETF publication
- User Services Area
Abstract
This memo offers useful suggestions for responsible advertising techniques that can be used via the internet in an environment where the advertiser, recipients, and the Internet Community can coexist in a productive and mutually respectful fashion. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
Abstract
This memo offers useful suggestions for responsible advertising techniques that can be used via the internet in an environment where the advertiser, recipients, and the Internet Community can coexist in a productive and mutually respectful fashion. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
RFC 2846: GSTN Address Element Extensions in E-mail Services
Proposed Standard- C. Allocchio
- June 2000
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This memo defines a full syntax for a specific application in which there is a need to represent GSTN (Global Switched Telephone Network) addressing and Internet addressing. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This memo defines a full syntax for a specific application in which there is a need to represent GSTN (Global Switched Telephone Network) addressing and Internet addressing. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 2303: Minimal PSTN address format in Internet Mail
Proposed Standard- C. Allocchio
- March 1998
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This memo describes the MINIMAL addressing method to encode PSTN addresses into e-mail addresses and the standard extension mechanism to allow definition of further standard elements. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Obsoleted by RFC 3191
Abstract
This memo describes the MINIMAL addressing method to encode PSTN addresses into e-mail addresses and the standard extension mechanism to allow definition of further standard elements. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 2304: Minimal FAX address format in Internet Mail
Proposed Standard- C. Allocchio
- March 1998
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This memo describes the MINIMAL addressing method and standard extensions to encode FAX addresses in e-mail addresses. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Obsoleted by RFC 3192
Abstract
This memo describes the MINIMAL addressing method and standard extensions to encode FAX addresses in e-mail addresses. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 2305: A Simple Mode of Facsimile Using Internet Mail
Proposed Standard- K. Toyoda
- H. Ohno
- J. Murai
- D. Wing
- March 1998
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This specification provides for "simple mode" carriage of facsimile data over the Internet. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Obsoleted by RFC 3965
Abstract
This specification provides for "simple mode" carriage of facsimile data over the Internet. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 2237: Japanese Character Encoding for Internet Messages
Informational- K. Tamaru
- November 1997
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This memo defines an encoding scheme for the Japanese Characters, describes "ISO-2022-JP-1", which is used in electronic mail [RFC-822], and network news [RFC 1036]. Also this memo provides a listing of the Japanese Character Set that can be used in this encoding scheme. This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
Abstract
This memo defines an encoding scheme for the Japanese Characters, describes "ISO-2022-JP-1", which is used in electronic mail [RFC-822], and network news [RFC 1036]. Also this memo provides a listing of the Japanese Character Set that can be used in this encoding scheme. This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
RFC 2142: Mailbox Names for Common Services, Roles and Functions
Proposed Standard- D. Crocker
- May 1997
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This specification enumerates and describes Internet mail addresses (mailbox name @ host reference) to be used when contacting personnel at an organization. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Abstract
This specification enumerates and describes Internet mail addresses (mailbox name @ host reference) to be used when contacting personnel at an organization. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 1801: MHS use of the X.500 Directory to support MHS Routing
Experimental- S. Kille
- June 1995
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
The key problem in routing is to map from an O/R Address onto an MTA (next hop). This shall be an MTA which in some sense is "nearer" to the destination UA. This is done repeatedly until the message can be directly delivered to the recipient UA. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
Abstract
The key problem in routing is to map from an O/R Address onto an MTA (next hop). This shall be an MTA which in some sense is "nearer" to the destination UA. This is done repeatedly until the message can be directly delivered to the recipient UA. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC 1802: Introducing Project Long Bud: Internet Pilot Project for the Deployment of X.500 Directory Information in Support of X.400 Routing
Informational- H. Alvestrand
- K. Jordan
- S. Langlois
- J. Romaguera
- June 1995
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This memo describes a proposed Internet Pilot Project that seeks to prove the MHS-DS approach on a larger scale. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
Abstract
This memo describes a proposed Internet Pilot Project that seeks to prove the MHS-DS approach on a larger scale. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
RFC 1807: A Format for Bibliographic Records
Informational- R. Lasher
- D. Cohen
- June 1995
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This RFC defines a format for bibliographic records describing technical reports. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
Abstract
This RFC defines a format for bibliographic records describing technical reports. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
RFC 1739: A Primer On Internet and TCP/IP Tools
Informational- G. Kessler
- S. Shepard
- December 1994
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This memo is an introductory guide to some of the TCP/IP and Internet tools and utilities that allow users to access the wide variety of information on the network, from determining if a particular host is up to viewing a multimedia thesis on foreign policy. It also describes discussion lists accessible from the Internet, ways to obtain Internet documents, and resources that help users weave their way through the Internet. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
Obsoleted by RFC 2151
Abstract
This memo is an introductory guide to some of the TCP/IP and Internet tools and utilities that allow users to access the wide variety of information on the network, from determining if a particular host is up to viewing a multimedia thesis on foreign policy. It also describes discussion lists accessible from the Internet, ways to obtain Internet documents, and resources that help users weave their way through the Internet. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
RFC 1711: Classifications in E-mail Routing
Informational- J. Houttuin
- October 1994
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This paper presents a classification for e-mail routing issues. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
Abstract
This paper presents a classification for e-mail routing issues. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
RFC 1664: Using the Internet DNS to Distribute RFC1327 Mail Address Mapping Tables
Experimental- C. Allocchio
- A. Bonito
- B. Cole
- S. Giordano
- R. Hagens
- August 1994
- IETF publication
- Applications Area
Abstract
This memo defines how to store in the Internet Domain Name System the mapping information needed by e-mail gateways and other tools to map RFC822 domain names into X.400 O/R names and vice versa. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
Obsoleted by RFC 2163
Abstract
This memo defines how to store in the Internet Domain Name System the mapping information needed by e-mail gateways and other tools to map RFC822 domain names into X.400 O/R names and vice versa. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC 1685: Writing X.400 O/R Names
Informational- H. Alvestrand
- August 1994
- Legacy publication
Abstract
There is a need for human beings who use X.400 systems to be able to write down O/R names in a uniform way. This memo is a discussion of this topic. This memo provides information for the Internet Community. It does not specify an Internet Standard of any kind.
Abstract
There is a need for human beings who use X.400 systems to be able to write down O/R names in a uniform way. This memo is a discussion of this topic. This memo provides information for the Internet Community. It does not specify an Internet Standard of any kind.
RFC 1615: Migrating from X.400(84) to X.400(88)
Informational- J. Houttuin
- J. Craigie
- May 1994
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This document compares X.400(88) to X.400(84) and describes what problems can be anticipated in the migration, especially considering the migration from the existing X.400(84) infrastructure created by the COSINE MHS project to an X.400(88) infrastructure. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
Abstract
This document compares X.400(88) to X.400(84) and describes what problems can be anticipated in the migration, especially considering the migration from the existing X.400(84) infrastructure created by the COSINE MHS project to an X.400(88) infrastructure. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
RFC 1616: X.400(1988) for the Academic and Research Community in Europe
Informational- RARE WG-MSG Task Force 88
- E. Huizer
- J. Romaguera
- May 1994
- Legacy publication
Abstract
The report documents the results of a task force on X.400(1988) deployment of the RARE Mails and Messaging Work Group during the period from November 1992 until October 1993. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
Abstract
The report documents the results of a task force on X.400(1988) deployment of the RARE Mails and Messaging Work Group during the period from November 1992 until October 1993. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
RFC 1590: Media Type Registration Procedure
Informational- J. Postel
- March 1994
- Legacy publication
Abstract
Several questions have been raised about the requirements and administrative procedure for registering MIME content-type and subtypes, and the use of these Media Types for other applications. This document addresses these issues and specifies a procedure for the registration of new Media Types (content-type/subtypes). It also generalizes the scope of use of these Media Types to make it appropriate to use the same registrations and specifications with other applications. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
Obsoleted by RFC 2045, RFC 2046, RFC 2047, RFC 2048, RFC 2049
Abstract
Several questions have been raised about the requirements and administrative procedure for registering MIME content-type and subtypes, and the use of these Media Types for other applications. This document addresses these issues and specifies a procedure for the registration of new Media Types (content-type/subtypes). It also generalizes the scope of use of these Media Types to make it appropriate to use the same registrations and specifications with other applications. This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind.
RFC 1506: A Tutorial on Gatewaying between X.400 and Internet Mail
Informational- J. Houttuin
- August 1993
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This tutorial was produced especially to help new gateway managers find their way into the complicated subject of mail gatewaying according to RFC 1327. This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard.
Abstract
This tutorial was produced especially to help new gateway managers find their way into the complicated subject of mail gatewaying according to RFC 1327. This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard.
RFC 1486: An Experiment in Remote Printing
Experimental- M. Rose
- C. Malamud
- July 1993
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This memo describes a technique for "remote printing" using the Internet mail infrastructure. In particular, this memo focuses on the case in which remote printers are connected to the international telephone network. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard.
Abstract
This memo describes a technique for "remote printing" using the Internet mail infrastructure. In particular, this memo focuses on the case in which remote printers are connected to the international telephone network. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard.
RFC 1357: A Format for E-mailing Bibliographic Records
Informational- D. Cohen
- July 1992
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This memo defines a format for E-mailing bibliographic records of technical reports. It is intended to accelerate the dissemination of information about new Computer Science Technical Reports (CS-TR). This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard.
Obsoleted by RFC 1807
Abstract
This memo defines a format for E-mailing bibliographic records of technical reports. It is intended to accelerate the dissemination of information about new Computer Science Technical Reports (CS-TR). This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard.
RFC 1339: Remote Mail Checking Protocol
Experimental- S. Dorner
- P. Resnick
- June 1992
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This RFC defines a protocol to provide a mail checking service to be used between a client and server pair. Typically, a small program on a client workstation would use the protocol to query a server in order to find out whether new mail has arrived for a specified user. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
Abstract
This RFC defines a protocol to provide a mail checking service to be used between a client and server pair. Typically, a small program on a client workstation would use the protocol to query a server in order to find out whether new mail has arrived for a specified user. This memo defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.
RFC 1204: Message Posting Protocol (MPP)
Experimental- S. Yeh
- D. Lee
- February 1991
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This memo describes a protocol for posting messages from workstations (e.g., PCs) to a mail service host. This RFC specifies an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community. It does not specify any standard.
Abstract
This memo describes a protocol for posting messages from workstations (e.g., PCs) to a mail service host. This RFC specifies an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community. It does not specify any standard.
RFC 1137: Mapping between full RFC 822 and RFC 822 with restricted encoding
Historic- S. Kille
- December 1989
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This RFC suggests an electronic mail protocol mapping for the Internet community and UK Academic Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. This memo does not specify an Internet standard.
Abstract
This RFC suggests an electronic mail protocol mapping for the Internet community and UK Academic Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. This memo does not specify an Internet standard.
RFC 1113: Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part I - message encipherment and authentication procedures
Historic- J. Linn
- August 1989
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This RFC specifies features for private electronic mail based on encryption technology. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Obsoleted by RFC 1421
Abstract
This RFC specifies features for private electronic mail based on encryption technology. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 1114: Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part II - certificate-based key management
Historic- S.T. Kent
- J. Linn
- August 1989
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This RFC specifies the key management aspects of Privacy Enhanced Mail. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Obsoleted by RFC 1422
Abstract
This RFC specifies the key management aspects of Privacy Enhanced Mail. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 1115: Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part III - algorithms, modes, and identifiers
Historic- J. Linn
- August 1989
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This RFC provides definitions, references, and citations for algorithms, usage modes, and associated identifiers used in RFC-1113 and RFC-1114 in support of privacy-enhanced electronic mail. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Obsoleted by RFC 1423
Abstract
This RFC provides definitions, references, and citations for algorithms, usage modes, and associated identifiers used in RFC-1113 and RFC-1114 in support of privacy-enhanced electronic mail. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 1056: PCMAIL: A distributed mail system for personal computers
Informational- M.L. Lambert
- June 1988
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This memo is a discussion of the Pcmail workstation based distributed mail system. It is identical to the discussion in RFC-993, save that a new, much simpler mail transport protocol is described. The new transport protocol is the result of continued research into ease of protocol implementation and use issues.
Abstract
This memo is a discussion of the Pcmail workstation based distributed mail system. It is identical to the discussion in RFC-993, save that a new, much simpler mail transport protocol is described. The new transport protocol is the result of continued research into ease of protocol implementation and use issues.
RFC 1040: Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part I: Message encipherment and authentication procedures
Unknown- J. Linn
- January 1988
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This RFC is the Outgrowth of a series of IAB Privacy Task Force meetings and of internal working papers distributed for those meetings. This memo defines message encipherment and authentication procedures, as the initial phase of an effort to provide privacy enhancement services for electronic mail transfer in the Internet. Detailed key management mechanisms to support these procedures will be defined in a subsequent RFC. As a goal of this initial phase, it is intended that the procedures defined here be compatible with a wide range of key management approaches, including both conventional (symmetric) and public-key (asymmetric) approaches for encryption of data encrypting keys. Use of conventional cryptography for message text encryption and/or integrity check computation is anticipated.
Obsoleted by RFC 1113
Abstract
This RFC is the Outgrowth of a series of IAB Privacy Task Force meetings and of internal working papers distributed for those meetings. This memo defines message encipherment and authentication procedures, as the initial phase of an effort to provide privacy enhancement services for electronic mail transfer in the Internet. Detailed key management mechanisms to support these procedures will be defined in a subsequent RFC. As a goal of this initial phase, it is intended that the procedures defined here be compatible with a wide range of key management approaches, including both conventional (symmetric) and public-key (asymmetric) approaches for encryption of data encrypting keys. Use of conventional cryptography for message text encryption and/or integrity check computation is anticipated.
RFC 989: Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part I: Message encipherment and authentication procedures
Unknown- J. Linn
- February 1987
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This RFC suggests a proposed protocol for the Internet community and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. This RFC is the outgrowth of a series of IAB Privacy Task Force meetings and of internal working papers distributed for those meetings. This RFC defines message encipherment and authentication procedures, as the initial phase of an effort to provide privacy enhancement services for electronic mail transfer in the Internet. It is intended that the procedures defined here be compatible with a wide range of key management approaches, including both conventional (symmetric) and public-key (asymmetric) approaches for encryption of data encrypting keys. Use of conventional cryptography for message text encryption and/or authentication is anticipated.
Abstract
This RFC suggests a proposed protocol for the Internet community and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. This RFC is the outgrowth of a series of IAB Privacy Task Force meetings and of internal working papers distributed for those meetings. This RFC defines message encipherment and authentication procedures, as the initial phase of an effort to provide privacy enhancement services for electronic mail transfer in the Internet. It is intended that the procedures defined here be compatible with a wide range of key management approaches, including both conventional (symmetric) and public-key (asymmetric) approaches for encryption of data encrypting keys. Use of conventional cryptography for message text encryption and/or authentication is anticipated.
RFC 993: PCMAIL: A distributed mail system for personal computers
Unknown- D.D. Clark
- M.L. Lambert
- December 1986
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This document is a discussion of the Pcmail workstation-based distributed mail system. It is a revision of the design published in NIC RFC-984. The revision is based on discussion and comment fromm a variety of sources, as well as further research into the design of interactive Pcmail clients and the use of client code on machines other than IBM PCs. As this design may change, implementation of this document is not advised. Obsoletes RFC-984.
Obsoleted by RFC 1056
Abstract
This document is a discussion of the Pcmail workstation-based distributed mail system. It is a revision of the design published in NIC RFC-984. The revision is based on discussion and comment fromm a variety of sources, as well as further research into the design of interactive Pcmail clients and the use of client code on machines other than IBM PCs. As this design may change, implementation of this document is not advised. Obsoletes RFC-984.
RFC 984: PCMAIL: A distributed mail system for personal computers
Unknown- D.D. Clark
- M.L. Lambert
- May 1986
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This document is a preliminary discussion of the design of a personal-computer-based distributed mail system. Pcmail is a distributed mail system that provides mail service to an arbitrary number of users, each of which owns one or more personal computers (PCs). The system is divided into two halves. The first consists of a single entity called the "repository". The repository is a storage center for incoming mail. Mail for a Pcmail user can arrive externally from the Internet or internally from other repository users. The repository also maintains a stable copy of each user's mail state. The repository is therefore typically a computer with a large amount of disk storage. It is published for discussion and comment, and does not constitute a standard. As the proposal may change, implementation of this document is not advised. See RFC-993.
Obsoleted by RFC 993
Abstract
This document is a preliminary discussion of the design of a personal-computer-based distributed mail system. Pcmail is a distributed mail system that provides mail service to an arbitrary number of users, each of which owns one or more personal computers (PCs). The system is divided into two halves. The first consists of a single entity called the "repository". The repository is a storage center for incoming mail. Mail for a Pcmail user can arrive externally from the Internet or internally from other repository users. The repository also maintains a stable copy of each user's mail state. The repository is therefore typically a computer with a large amount of disk storage. It is published for discussion and comment, and does not constitute a standard. As the proposal may change, implementation of this document is not advised. See RFC-993.
RFC 808: Summary of computer mail services meeting held at BBN on 10 January 1979
Unknown- J. Postel
- March 1982
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This RFC is a very belated attempt to document a meeting that was held three years earlier to discuss the state of computer mail in the ARPA community and to reach some conclusions to guide the further development of computer mail systems such that a coherent total mail service would continue to be provided.
Abstract
This RFC is a very belated attempt to document a meeting that was held three years earlier to discuss the state of computer mail in the ARPA community and to reach some conclusions to guide the further development of computer mail systems such that a coherent total mail service would continue to be provided.
RFC 805: Computer mail meeting notes
Unknown- J. Postel
- February 1982
- Legacy publication
Abstract
This RFC consists of notes from a meeting that was held at USC Information Sciences Institute on 11 January 1982, to discuss addressing issues in computer mail. The major conclusion reached at the meeting is to extend the "username@hostname" mailbox format to "username@host.domain", where the domain itself can be further strutured.
Abstract
This RFC consists of notes from a meeting that was held at USC Information Sciences Institute on 11 January 1982, to discuss addressing issues in computer mail. The major conclusion reached at the meeting is to extend the "username@hostname" mailbox format to "username@host.domain", where the domain itself can be further strutured.
RFC 784: Mail Transfer Protocol: ISI TOPS20 implementation
Unknown- S. Sluizer
- J. Postel
- July 1981
- Legacy publication
RFC 785: Mail Transfer Protocol: ISI TOPS20 file definitions
Unknown- S. Sluizer
- J. Postel
- July 1981
- Legacy publication
RFC 786: Mail Transfer Protocol: ISI TOPS20 MTP-NIMAIL interface
Unknown- S. Sluizer
- J. Postel
- July 1981
- Legacy publication
RFC 773: Comments on NCP/TCP mail service transition strategy
Unknown- V.G. Cerf
- October 1980
- Legacy publication
RFC 771: Mail transition plan
Unknown- V.G. Cerf
- J. Postel
- September 1980
- Legacy publication
RFC 630: FTP error code usage for more reliable mail service
Unknown- J. Sussman
- April 1974
- Legacy publication
Abstract
Describes FTP reply-code usage in TENEX mail processing.
Abstract
Describes FTP reply-code usage in TENEX mail processing.
RFC 498: On mail service to CCN
Unknown- R.T. Braden
- April 1973
- Legacy publication
RFC 469: Network mail meeting summary
Unknown- M.D. Kudlick
- March 1973
- Legacy publication
RFC 475: FTP and Network Mail System
Unknown- A.K. Bhushan
- March 1973
- Legacy publication
RFC 453: Meeting announcement to discuss a network mail system
Unknown- M.D. Kudlick
- February 1973
- Legacy publication
RFC 456: Memorandum: Date change of mail meeting
Unknown- M.D. Kudlick
- February 1973
- Legacy publication
Subscribe to email
Get notified when:
- RFC changes to status, obsoleted by, updates, updated by, or subseries.
- New RFC added to this subject or below
- The subject was merged into another.